This book is a proceeding from a number of papers presented in The International Symposium on Austronesian Diaspora on 18th to 23rd July 2016 at Nusa Dua, Bali, which was held by The National Research Centre of Archaeology in cooperation with The Directorate of Cultural Heritage and Museums. The symposium is the second event with regard to the Austronesian studies since the first symposium held eleven years ago by the Indonesian Institute of Sciences in cooperation with the International Centre for Prehistoric and Austronesia Study (ICPAS) in Solo on 28th June to 1st July 2005 with a theme of “the Dispersal of the Austronesian and the Ethno-geneses of People in the Indonesia Archipelago’’ that was attended by experts from eleven countries.

The studies on Austronesia are very interesting to discuss because Austronesia is a language family, which covers about 1200 languages spoken by populations that inhabit more than half the globe, from Madagascar in the west to Easter Island (Pacific Area) in the east and from Taiwan-Micronesia in the north to New Zealand in the south. Austronesia is a language family, which dispersed before the Western colonization in many places in the world. The Austronesian dispersal in very vast islands area is a huge phenomenon in the history of humankind. Groups of Austronesian-speaking people had emerged in ca. 7000- 6000 BP in Taiwan before they migrated in 5000 BP to many places in the world, bringing with them the Neolithic Culture, characterized by sedentary, agricultural societies with animal domestication.

The Austronesian-speaking people are distinguished by Southern Mongoloid Race, which had the ability to adapt to various types of natural environment that enabled them to develop through space and time. The varied geographic environment where they lived, as well as intensive interactions with the outside world, had created cultural diversities. The population of the Austronesian speakers is more than 380 million people and the Indonesian Archipelago is where most of them develop. Indonesia also holds a key position in understanding the Austronesians. For this reason, the Austronesian studies are crucial in the attempt to understand the Indonesian societies in relation to their current cultural roots, history, and ethno-genesis. This book discusses six sessions in the symposium. The first session is the prologue; the second is the keynote paper, which is Austronesia: an overview; the third is Diaspora and Inter-regional Connection; the fourth is Regional highlight; the fifth is Harimau Cave:

Research Progress; while the sixth session is the epilogue, which is a synthesis of 37 papers. We hope that this book will inspire more researchers to study Austronesia, a field of never ending research in Indonesia.

This book is a proceeding from a number of papers presented in The International Symposium on Austronesian Diaspora on 18th to 23rd July 2016 at Nusa Dua, Bali, which was held by The National Research Centre of Archaeology in cooperation with The Directorate of Cultural Heritage and Museums. The symposium is the second event with regard to the Austronesian studies since the first symposium held eleven years ago by the Indonesian Institute of Sciences in cooperation with the International Centre for Prehistoric and Austronesia Study (ICPAS) in Solo on 28th June to 1st July 2005 with a theme of “the Dispersal of the Austronesian and the Ethno-geneses of People in the Indonesia Archipelago’’ that was attended by experts from eleven countries.

The studies on Austronesia are very interesting to discuss because Austronesia is a language family, which covers about 1200 languages spoken by populations that inhabit more than half the globe, from Madagascar in the west to Easter Island (Pacific Area) in the east and from Taiwan-Micronesia in the north to New Zealand in the south. Austronesia is a language family, which dispersed before the Western colonization in many places in the world. The Austronesian dispersal in very vast islands area is a huge phenomenon in the history of humankind. Groups of Austronesian-speaking people had emerged in ca. 7000-6000 BP in Taiwan before they migrated in 5000 BP to many places in the world, bringing with them the Neolithic Culture, characterized by sedentary, agricultural societies with animal domestication.

The Austronesian-speaking people are distinguished by Southern Mongoloid Race, which had the ability to adapt to various types of natural environment that enabled them to develop through space and time. The varied geographic environment where they lived, as well as intensive interactions with the outside world, had created cultural diversities. The population of the Austronesian speakers is more than 380 million people and the Indonesian Archipelago is where most of them develop. Indonesia also holds a key position in understanding the Austronesians. For this reason, the Austronesian studies are crucial in the attempt to understand the Indonesian societies in relation to their current cultural roots, history, and ethno-genesis.

This book discusses six sessions in the symposium. The first session is the prologue; the second is the keynote paper, which is Austronesia: an overview; the third is Diaspora and Inter-regional Connection; the fourth is Regional highlight; the fifth is Harimau Cave: Research Progress; while the sixth session is the epilogue, which is a synthesis of 37 papers. We hope that this book will inspire more researchers to study Austronesia, a field of never ending research in Indonesia.


Publisher

Sampul
Preface Of Publisher
Table Of Content
Prologue
Austronesia: An Overview
     Austronesian Studies In 2016: Where Are We Now?
Diaspora and Inter-Regional Connection
     Occupation and Diaspora of Austronesia: Learning from Geo-oceanoclimatology
     Reframing the Island Southeast Asian Neolithic: Local vs Regional Adaptations
     Splitting Up Proto-Malayopolynesian; New Models of Dispersals from Taiwan
     “Ex Oriente Lux”: Recent Data from Lapita Culture Sites Bearing on the Austronesian  Diaspora within Island Southeast Asia
     The Formation and Dispersal of Early Austronesian-speaking Populations: New Evidence
     Austronesian and Australian Analogs in Vietnam through Paleoanthropological Evidence
     Rock art as an indication of (Austronesian) migration in Island Southeast Asia
     The Connection and Tradition - The Bark Cloth Making in Hawai’i and Taiwan
     Bali in the Global Contacts and the Rise of Complex Society
Regional Highlights
     Updated Views on the Austronesian Studies in Indonesia Truman Simanjuntak, Adhi Agus Oktaviana, and Retno Handini
     Reassessing the Neolithic-Metal Age Transition in Batangas, Philippines: A Distinct Southern Luzon Pottery Tradition
     Indication of Early Plant Domestication in Java Based on the Palinology Research
     Austronesian Dispersal to Malaysian Borneo
     Sea, Stones and Stories: The Maritime Tradition in Southeast Moluccas Islands
     Swinging-like Movement: Pattern of Ancient Migration in Eastern Part of Indonesia
     Indonesian Megaliths as the Result of the Interaction between Indigenous Peoples and Hindu-Buddhist Kingdoms
     Austro-Protohistory: the Dispersal of Megaliths in Indonesia Islands
     Inter-islands Relations: The Javanese Factor in Barus and Padang Lawas, North Sumatra  (9th – 16th c. CE)
     The Neolithic Cultures of Lingnan (Southern China)
     The Origins of Orang Melayu
     Techno-Cultural Development of Toraja Textiles in Relation to Austronesian Origin:
     Maritime People and Wetland Settlement
     A Shifting Phenomenon in Tomini-Tolitoli Language Group: Tajio as a Case Study
     Small Island as a Bridge to Austronesian Diaspora: Case in Here Sorot Entapa Caves, Kisar
     Tradition and Function of Cili on Agricultural Ritual of Subak in Bali
     Archaeolinguistics for a Study of Ethnic Group Formation: a Case Study of Speakers of
     The Contribution of Sanskrit to the Balinese Language
     The Continuity of Austronesian Tradition on Islamic and Early Colonial Period in Maluku
Gua Harimau: Research Progress
     Verifying Austronesian Hypothesis from the Skeletal Human Remains from Gua Harimau
     Determination of Genetic Characteristics of Ancient Skeletal Remains Excavated from the
     Prehistoric Burial of Gua Harimau: Socio-Cultural Complexity of Austronesian Society
     Continuity on Rainforest Foraging During the Course of Neolithic Period in Sumatera:
     Comparative Analysis of Non-figurative Rock Art at Gua Harimau Site within the Scope of
     Metal Artifacts Analysis from Gua Harimau, South Sumatera, Indonesia
Epilogue
Contributors